cuatro. Basic Model: Polysemous Adjectives Compose Independent Kinds

As the told me on Inclusion, particular adjectives is polysemous such that for every single sense drops to your a good some other category of the fresh new categories merely showed. Believe such as the adjective economic into the Analogy (1), frequent right here given that Analogy (9) having convenience. Both fundamental sensory faculties from economic instantiate brand new relational (sense in the Analogy (9a)) and qualitative category (sense in Analogy (9b)), correspondingly.

Instances of typical polysemy within intensional and you will qualitative classes together with exists, because represented for the Instances (12) and (13)

Crucially for our objectives, in the each of the senses the fresh new adjective exhibits the brand new services out-of each of the related categories. Whenever made use of because the a great relational adjective, this is not gradable and cannot be studied when you look at the a good pre-nominal status (Example (10)). From the tests you to realize, we point from the capturing that it crossbreed choices.

When utilized given that an excellent qualitative adjective, it’s gradable and it can be studied predicatively (come across Example (11))

Antic keeps a few major sensory faculties, good qualitative you to definitely (equal to ‘dated, ancient’) and a keen intensional you to (equal to ‘former’). Mention once again you to, whenever utilized in the fresh intensional experience, they showcases services of your intensional group: It looks pre-nominally (Example (13a)) that will be perhaps not gradable (Example (13b)).

The fresh new group on solution class, that event-associated adjectives, and brings up typical polysemy, especially, ranging from event-relevant and you may qualitative adjectives, as the portrayed into the Advice (14) and you will (15). New participial adjective sabut (‘known’) possess a conference-relevant sense, comparable to the fresh verb saber (‘know’), and you may an effective qualitative feel which are often interpreted because ‘wise’. Concurrently, the fresh new deverbal adjective cridaner based on cridar (‘to help you shout’) alternates ranging from an event-associated feel and you can an effective qualitative experience.

Advice (14) and you will (15) portray instances of normal polysemy as, as can become taken on translations, there’s a logical shift regarding a transparent family on the enjoy to help you an excellent that contains an even more faraway relation to case. In the example of sabut the family is obvious (when the a person knows much, he or she is smart); in the case of cridaner, a top qualifies towards adjective if it is for instance loud-coloured otherwise possess an eccentric slash, so that it gains the interest men and women, while the shouting do.

On this page, we simply think sort of polysemy you to reduce along side class pursued. Other types of polysemy with traditionally started undertaken in the literature will not be sensed. For example, we shall not concerned about the latest polysemy portrayed into the Example (16), and this perhaps provides far more to do with this new semantics of changed noun than simply compared to the brand new adjective (Pustejovsky 1995). All of brand new uses out of trist (‘sad’) depicted in Analogy (16) belong to the latest qualitative class, thus, resistant to the functions from the Lapata (2000; Lapata (2001) quoted in the past, we really jaumo quizzes do not eradicate the brand new adjective as the polysemous on the framework of the establish experiments.

Considering the hybrid behavior out-of polysemous adjectives told me in the Section 3, we could anticipate which they work in another way from adjectives regarding first categories. For example, adjectives polysemous between a qualitative and you may good relational fool around with should display more evidence to own gradability than simply pure relational adjectives, but less than natural qualitative adjectives. In this have a look at, polysemous adjectives belong to a category, by way of example, the newest qualitative-relational class, which is not the same as both qualitative plus the relational kinds, normally indicating feature philosophy that will be in-between those of the brand new first groups. In this part, i report on studies comparison correctly it design to own typical polysemy. We shall ergo identify anywhere between four types of adjectives: qualitative, intensional, relational, polysemous ranging from a beneficial qualitative and you may a keen intensional reading (intensional-qualitative), and you can polysemous ranging from a beneficial qualitative and you may a beneficial relational learning (qualitative-relational). There can be you to polysemous class forgotten (intensional-relational). No cases of polysemy anywhere between intensional and you may relational adjectives had been noticed within our analysis.